Athlete's
Foot is a superficial fungal infection of the feet also known as Tinea
pedis. It is a common infection during summer months in tropical
climates and also in monsoon period when the feet are always
wet.
The
infection rate is high in those who use communal pools.
Those
who wear occlusive shoes and synthetic socks are more prone to get
recurrent attacks of the tinea.
Individuals
with hyperhidrosis (increased sweating) of the soles are particularly
susceptible
Diabetics
commonly suffer from tinea pedis due to decreased immune status and
sweating.
The
nails of affected persons serve as a reservoir for recurrent
infections
Of
course, incidence is high in athletes!
Causes of Athlete's Foot:
Common dermatophytes causing the infection are
Tinea rubrum, T.mentagrophytes and E.floccosum.
T.rubrum accounts for approximately 60% of
cases and it produces a dry, keratotic type of tinea pedis.
T.mentagrophytes causes more of an inflammatory
type of T.Pedis, causing vesicles and ulcers
Important
Types of Athlete's Foot
Tinea
pedis can present in four clinical types or a mixture of these,
depending upon the causative organism.
-
In
localized variants, topical antifungal therapy will suffice. Use
creams for the scaly types, and solutions for the interdigital
types.
-
If
generalized, use systemic therapy under the guidance of a
dermatologist. Griseofulvin, ketaconazole,itraconazole,flucanazole
all can be used depending upon the type and severity of the disease.
Nail infection usually does not respond to griseofulvin
-
Treatment
should be continued for a period of 3 months
-
If
Toe nails involved, minimum duration of treatment is 6 months
-
If
bacterial infection suspected, appropriate antibiotics should be
taken
-
Prophylactic
antifungal powders may be used in athletes and persons more prone
for recurrences
-
Use
of absorbent cotton socks and non occlusive foot wear are essential
in preventing recurrences
-
Good
hygiene and keeping the feet dry are essential
-
Avoid
frequent washing, dry the web spaces adequately after wash
-
Individuals
with increased sweating should manage their hyperhidrosis with
topical 20-25% aluminium chloride hexahydrate or tap water
iontophoresis available with most dermatologists.
-
Associated
diseases like diabetes should be controlled
-
A
final tip:In macerated
intertriginous and ulcerative types, always keep a wad of cotton in
between the tips of the toes of affected web space while sleeping
and while wearing shoes. Good aeration will ensure faster healing
and cure.
Dr.Hanish Babu, MD
